Image: Civil Liberties in Britain, (extract) 1965.

Jewish activists would continue to play a significant role in Birmingham throughout the twentieth century. This is an article by Maurice Ludmer, in Manzoor, entitled 'Civil Liberties in Britain'. Ludmer co-operated with the Indian Workers Association, co-authored the production of an important pamphlet called, 'The Victim Speaks' (see the IWA and Campaigning for Social Justice) and was also part of the 'Co-ordinating Committee Against Racial Discrimination' [CCARD].

Ludmer's social justice activities show how Jewish social activism remained rooted in dialogues between faith groups that had taken place in Birmingham since the early nineteenth century. He also became a campaigner out of response to WWII and the jewish holocaust. In 1946, when he was twenty years old, Ludmer had visited the concentration camps where Jewish mass murder had taken place. The experience led him to become dedicated to anti-fascism, in the hope such scenes would never be repeated.